Especially in the cities of San Antonio and Ureña, on the Whatsapp Mobile Number List borders with Colombia, and also in the Pemón indigenous community of Kamarapacay, where three people were murdered, as well as in the city of Santa Whatsapp Mobile Number List Elena de Uarién and its immediate surroundings, on the border with Brazil. This serious situation, and in general the violation of human rights, have been documented in the report Whatsapp Mobile Number List on the Venezuela case presented by the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights in July 2019fifteen.
Despite the fact that the borders were Whatsapp Mobile Number List reopened a few months after the conflict, emigration did not stop, nor did the flow of daily cross-border commercial exchanges carried out through innumerable trails, especially intense on the border with Colombia, a situation that portrays the territorial particularities built on these borders. At Whatsapp Mobile Number List of 2019, there were 4.5 million Venezuelan immigrants, of which 1,771,237 were in Colombia and 499,506 (28%) were distributed in the border departments. These data reflect part of the border impact caused by the Venezuelan exodus, which is repeated on the borders of Brazil, especially in the Whatsapp Mobile Number List state of Roraima, where a large part lives in precarious conditions in spaces that are also impoverished; another harsh reality portrayed by the Venezuelan crisis.
But there is another context determined by the Whatsapp Mobile Number List cross-border socio-spatial mobilities defined in the pendular and daily movements for commercial and family purposes near the border, in the circular movements of temporary workers, in the end-of-the-month travelers from other parts of Venezuela who receive remittances in Whatsapp Mobile Number List Colombian border cities; all an intense mobility that is reflected in the 4,315,103 requests for the Border Migration Card to the Colombian Migration office. It is a mobility of great socio-spatial impact in the border cities of both countries that, even though they are not exempt from Whatsapp Mobile Number List conflicts, have become lifelines, solidarities and opportunities.